Figure 1.
Dichlorofluorescein (DCF) Assay for Cellular Total Oxidation State.
I: Fluorescence intensity is proportional to reactive oxygen species and free radicals within the cytosol. A: Air subjected control cell culture; B: cellular oxidative status after a single puff of cigarette smoke; C: after exposure to 200 μmol acetaldehyde; D: after exposure to 1 μmol acrolein. II: Average fluorescence analyses of 3–5 different DCF experiments. Total cellular fluorescence of keratinocytes exposed to cigarette smoke with and without pre-incubation with N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC). (*=Statistically significant). Reprinted from Figure 4 of Avezov K, et al.,49 with permission from Elsevier.