Human Coronaviruses (hCoVs).
Human Coronaviruses (hCoVs).
| Species | Genus | Year of Discovery | Disease Association | Cellular Receptor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| hCoV-229E | Alphacoronavirus | 1966 | Common cold, pneumonia | Human aminopeptidase N (APN) |
| hCoV-OC43 | Betacoronavirus | 1967 | Common cold, pneumonia, neurological dysfunction | 9-O-acetylated sialic acid |
| hCoV-SARS (SARS-CoV) | Betacoronavirus | 2003 | Severe-acute respiratory syndrome | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) |
| hCoV-NL63 | Alphacoronavirus | 2004 | Common cold, pneumonia, bronchiolitis | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) |
| hCoV-HKU1 | Betacoronavirus | 2005 | Common cold, pneumonia | 9-O-acetylated sialic acid |
| hCoV-MERS (MERS-CoV) | Betacoronavirus | 2012 | Severe-acute respiratory syndrome | Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) |
| HCoV-SARS-2 | Betacoronavirus | 2020 | Severe-acute respiratory syndrome | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) |