PubMed Central, : RMMJ Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal Rambam Health Care Campus 2020 July; 11(3): e0027. ISSN: 2076-9172Published online 2020 July 31. doi: 10.5041/RMMJ.10418.

Table 1.

Known Human Diseases Caused by a Coronavirus (see also Figure 1).

Disease	Virus	Main Manifestation(s)	Hospitalization	Antiviral Therapy	Vaccine	Case Fatality (%)
Common cold	HCoV-HKU1	Runny nose^*	Very rare	None	None	0
Common cold	HCoV-OC43	Runny nose^*	Very rare	None	None	0
Common cold	HCoV-NL63	Runny nose^*	Very rare	None	None	0
Common cold	HCoV-229E	Runny nose^*	Very rare	None	None	0
SARS	SARS-CoV-1	Pneumonia	Very frequent	None	None	9.5
MERS	MERS-CoV	Pneumonia	Very frequent	None	None	34.4
COVID-19	SARS-CoV-2	Respiratory tract infection^†	Frequent	Remdesivir	None^‡	>1.6^§

^*Rare: lower respiratory tract infection (bronchitis or pneumonia).

^†Upper respiratory tract infection frequent, pneumonia in a minority of patients.

^‡125 different vaccines in various phases of development, none yet approved.

^§Case fatality value varies with population characteristics, age distribution, quality of healthcare services, medical equipment, etc.

COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; HCoV-229E, human coronavirus 229E; HCoV-HKU1, human coronavirus Hong Kong U1; HCoV-NL63, human coronavirus Netherlands 63; HCoV-OC43, human coronavirus OC43; MERS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; SARS-CoV-1, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-1; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2.

RMMJ Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal Rambam Health Care Campus 2020 July; 11(3): e0027. ISSN: 2076-9172

Published online 2020 July 31. doi: 10.5041/RMMJ.10418