PubMed Central, : RMMJ Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal Rambam Health Care Campus 2022 January; 13(1): e0006. ISSN: 2076-9172Published online 2022 January 27. doi: 10.5041/RMMJ.10463.

Table 2.

Case Reports and Series of Congenital Nasopharyngeal Masses (CNMs).

Authors	Year	Country	Cases	Sex	Age	Symptoms	Pathology	Comments
Coppit et al.³	2000	USA	3	M, F	Birth	RD, FD, OM	Dermoid, teratoma	Prenatal alpha-fetoprotein and ultrasound, recurrence after 5 months
Behar et al.⁴	2001	USA	1	M	Birth	RD	Heterotopic neuroglial tissue	Tracheostomy
Uchino et al.⁵	2001	Japan	1	F	Birth	OM	Teratoma	Syndrome, dysmorphism
Andronikou et al.⁶	2003	Australia	3		Birth	RD	Teratoma	Polyhydramnios, prenatal MRI, EXIT procedure
Roh⁷	2004	Korea	1	F	7 mo	Snoring, sleep apnea	Hairy polyp	Adjacent to eustachian tube
Abdulkader et al.⁸	2006	Qatar	1	F	3 mo	RD	Hairy polyp	Comorbidity
Freitas et al.⁹	2007	Brazil	2	M, F	Birth	RD, OM	Teratoma
Hossein & Mohammad¹⁰	2007	Iran	1	F	Birth	OM	Teratoma	Prenatal alpha-fetoprotein, comorbidity
Maartens et al.¹¹	2009	Netherlands	1	M	Preterm	RD, nasal mass	Teratoma	Prenatal alpha-fetoprotein, polyhydramnios, intubation
Turnbull et al.¹²	2009	UK	1	F	Preterm	OM	Teratoma	Prenatal ultrasound, comorbidity
Tiwari et al.¹³	2009	India	1	F	Birth	RD, cyanosis	Teratoma
He et al.¹⁴	2010	China	2	M, F	Birth	RD, FD, OM	Teratoma	Comorbidity
Mirshemirani et al.¹⁵	2011	Iran	1	F	Birth	FD, OM	Teratoma	Comorbidity
Chariker et al.¹⁶	2011	USA	1	F	3 d	FD	Teratoma	Comorbidities, pituitary duplication
Rangachari et al.¹⁷	2012	India	1	M	5 d	RD	Teratoma	Multiple intubations
Koike et al.¹⁸	2013	Japan	1	F	3 mo	RD	Hairy polyp	Respiratory failure
Bayır et al.¹⁹	2014	Turkey	1	M	Birth	RD	Teratoma	Polyhydramnios, multiple biopsies
Han et al.²⁰	2014	Korea	1	M	Preterm	RD, FD, OM	Teratoma	Comorbidities, 2-step surgery
Mann et al.²¹	2014	UK	3	F	Birth	RD, FD, OM	Choristoma
Radhakrishnan et al.²²	2015	India	1	F	Birth		Salivary gland anlage tumor	Prenatal MRI, EXIT procedure
Menezes & Simao²³	2015	Brazil	1		Preterm	RD, OM	Teratoma	Prenatal ultrasound, polyhydramnios
Hwang et al.²⁴	2015	Australia	1	F	Birth	RD, OM	Teratoma	Polyhydramnios, tracheostomy, coblation, biopsy with wrong diagnosis
Alexander et al.²⁵	2015	UK	6	M, F	Birth	RD, FD, OM	Teratoma	Hyponasal speech, intubation
Ghatage et al.²⁶	2016	India	1	F	3 d	RD, FD	Teratoma	Comorbidities, tracheostomy
Jadhav et al.²⁷	2017	India	1	F	Birth	RD, OM	Teratoma
Thong et al.²⁸	2018	Malaysia	1	F	24 h	RD, OM	Teratoma	Prenatal alpha-fetoprotein, comorbidities, delayed surgery
Aramesh et al.²⁹	2020	Iran	1	F	Birth	RD, OM	Teratoma	Polyhydramnios
Kobayashi et al.³⁰	2020	Japan	1	M	Birth	RD	Teratoma	Prenatal alpha-fetoprotein, maxillectomy due to recurrence

d, days; EXIT, ex-utero intrapartum treatment; F, female; FD, feeding difficulties; h, hours; M, male; mo, months; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; OM, oral mass; RD, respiratory distress; US, ultrasound.