Changes Observed Over Time Within the Yoga Group (Group I) and the Control Group (Group II).
Changes Observed Over Time Within the Yoga Group (Group I) and the Control Group (Group II).
| Variables | Group I
Median (IQR) |
Group II
Median (IQR) |
P Value for Changes between Group I and II | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Day 120 | Change within Group I | P value, Changes within Group I | Baseline | Day 120 | Change within Group II | P Value, Changes within Group II | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.6 (25.0, 29.2) | 26.0 (24.4, 28.6) | −0.7 (−0.9, 0) | 0.001 | 24.6 (22.4, 27.7) | 25.3 (23.4, 28.1) | +0.9 (0.4, 1.8) | 0.003 | <0.001 |
| FBG (mg/dL) | 146 (120, 220) | 131 (111, 178) | −20 (−58, −8) | <0.001 | 171 (138, 207) | 198 (158, 270) | +15 (3, 37) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| PPBG (mg/dL) | 250 (193, 295) | 190 (154, 242) | −33 (−55, −9) | <0.001 | 293 (232, 349) | 299 (263, 389) | +55 (27, 78) | 0.008 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.1 (7.5, 10.3) | 7.5 (6.8, 8.9) | −0.4 (−0.6, −0.2) | <0.001 | 8.1 (7.8, 10.1) | 8.9 (7.9, 10.6) | +0.7 (0.4, 1.7) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Insulin (μIU/mL) | 13.8 (7.2, 19.7) | 11.2 (7.5, 16.1) | −1.7 (−3.3, −0.7) | 0.017 | 13.2 (6.6, 22.7) | 14.4 (7.3, 23.5) | +1.6 (−0.1, 4.8) | 0.019 | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IR* | 5.2 (2.5, 7.5) | 4.0 (2.4, 5.8) | −1.2 (−2.9, −0.4) | <0.001 | 5.8 (3.8, 7.2) | 7.1 (4.3, 10.6) | +1.3 (0.3, 2.7) | 0.001 | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 193 (148, 217) | 180 (132, 202) | −13 (−39, 11) | 0.006 | 190 (149, 211) | 200 (166, 223) | +10 (0, 35) | 0.138 | 0.002 |
| TAG (mg/dL) | 114 (80, 157) | 97 (80, 130) | −22 (−50, 0) | 0.027 | 114 (97, 173) | 137 (103, 205) | +15 (−10, 40) | 0.005 | <0.001 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 51 (45, 58) | 54 (48, 62) | +6 (−1, 10) | 0.15 | 55 (47, 60) | 49 (46, 52) | −5 (−10, 3) | 0.019 | 0.006 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 116 (80, 145) | 99 (71, 119) | −6 (−34, 22) | 0.004 | 108 (77, 131) | 118 (76, 148) | +15 (0, 34) | 0.36 | 0.012 |
| VLDL (mg/dL) | 23 (16, 31) | 19 (16, 26) | −4 (−10, 0) | 0.032 | 23 (19, 35) | 27 (20, 141) | +3 (−2, 8) | 0.002 | <0.001 |
BMI, body mass index (kg/m2); FBG, fasting blood glucose (mg/dL); HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin (%); HDL, high-density lipoprotein (mg/dL); HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance ([glucose (mmol/L) × insulin (μIU/mL)] / 22.5); IQR, interquartile range; LDL, low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL); PPBG, post-prandial blood glucose (mg/dL); TAG, triacylglycerol (mg/dL); VLDL, very-low density lipoprotein (mg/dL).