Clinical Features of Atypical Cases of Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC).
Clinical Features of Atypical Cases of Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC).
| Condition | Clinical Features to Differentiate from Classic AHC | References |
|---|---|---|
| AHC without quadriparesis | No report of bilateral hemiplegia or quadriplegia. Interestingly, the patient will fulfill all other clinical criteria for AHC. | Mikati et al. (2000)1 |
| Autosomal dominant AHC | Fulfillment of all clinical criteria for AHC. A familial inheritance pattern of autosomal dominant transmission is observed. | Mikati et al. (2000)1
Swoboda et al. (2004)50 |
| Benign familial nocturnal AHC | It is a familial disease that will be present in first-degree relatives. Hemiplegia most commonly occurs after awakening. The patient will present normal development without fixed neurological deficits. | Andermann et al. (1994)51
Villéga et al. (2011)53 |
| Dystonia-predominant AHC | The patient presents with isolated dystonia. Hemiplegia only occurs later in life. | Mikati et al. (2000)1
Kansagra et al. (2013)6 |
| Late-onset AHC | The patient can develop paroxysmal attacks, but neurological findings or delayed developmental milestones are only observed after 18 months of age. | Mikati et al. (2000)1
Saito et al. (1998)52 |
| Mild AHC | Infrequent episodes of hemiplegia, which may be prolonged. | Mikati et al. (2000)1
Bourgeois et al. (1993)7 |