Conceptual Framework Showing Hypothesized Associations (arrows) Between Sociodemographic Factors (Age, Sex, Occupational Social Class), Lifestyle Habits (Mediterranean Diet, Physical Activity, Smoking), and Insomnia Severity (Insomnia Severity Index, ISI) with Estimated Type 2 Diabetes Risk Using Non-invasive Scores (FINDRISC, QDScore/QDiabetes, TRAQ-D).

Dashed arrows denote potential indirect pathways/effect modification. Arrows represent hypothesized associations, not causality.

FINDRISC, Finnish Diabetes Risk Score; QDiabetes, QResearch diabetes risk prediction algorithm; QDScore, QResearch-derived Diabetes Risk Score; TRAQ-D, Trinidad Risk Assessment Questionnaire for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.